![]() ![]() ![]() Imitation is agnostic about specific motoric components of actions, the mirror Inferior parietal cortex ( Burke et al., 2010 Reported in dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dmPFC, dlPFC) and Learning (RL) framework: the other agent’s chosen action is reinforced by anĪction prediction error (APE) – the difference between the otherĪgent’s selected action and how expected this action was. Here we focus on inferences about another agent’s goal:Ĭomputationally, choice imitation can be described in a reinforcement ![]() Emulation can also describe anĪrray of cognitive processes ( Huang and Charman,Ģ005). “choice” imitation, in line with the economics, decision neuroscienceĪnd reinforcement learning literature ( Abbeel and Ng, Mimicking of motor movements ( Carcea and Froemke,Ģ019) to the more abstract process of copying another agent’sĬhoices ( Burke et al., 2010 Najar et al., 2019 Suzuki et al., 2012). Refers to a broad range of cognitive and behavioral phenomena: from wholesale In imitation, individualsĬhoose actions most frequently selected by another agent in the past and inĮmulation, individuals infer the other agent’s goals, beliefs, intentions or Two distinct strategies for reward OL have been proposed ( Heyes and Saggerson, 2002 Huang et al., 2006 Whiten et al., 2009): imitation and emulation. To learn the consequences of actions without being exposed to the risks from Observational learning (OL) is prevalent in our daily lives and allows individuals Seek rewards and avoid punishments, or making complex strategic decisions, Whether learning a new skill by observing an expert perform it, learning to Our replicated findings illuminate the computations by which the brain Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction and rostral cingulateĬortex. Reliability, the model’s arbitration signal, was represented in the That dissociated the two strategies, revealed that control over behavior wasĪdaptively and dynamically weighted toward the most reliable strategy. Computational modelling, combined with a behavioral task Neuro-computational mechanism underlying arbitration between choice imitationĪnd goal emulation. (the second a pre-registered replication of the first), we identify a The brain decide which strategy to use in a given situation? In two fMRI studies Despite the prevalence of observational learning in humansĪnd other social animals, a fundamental question remains unaddressed: how does Choice imitation involves repeating otherĪgents’ previous actions, while emulation proceeds from inferring their When individuals learn from observing the behavior of others, they deployĪt least two distinct strategies. ![]()
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